Black smoke from the exhaust is a sign that the engine is burning too rich a mixture of fuel and air. A rich mixture is a mixture that contains less air than is necessary for the complete combustion of the fuel.

This means that a larger amount of fuel enters the cylinders than would belong to a certain ratio of air, due to which incomplete combustion occurs. This incomplete combustion results in black smoke from the exhaust, which contains a large amount of soot.

Blue smoke from the exhaust means only one thing: engine oil enters the cylinder space. The more engine oil penetrates into the cylinders, the more the car smokes.

In addition to the blue smoke from the exhaust, an accompanying phenomenon of oil penetration into the cylinders is also excessiveengine oil consumption.

Modifying the cylinder head is a popular but technically demanding way to increase engine performance. So in this article, we will look at the possible modifications of the cylinder head and its accessories.

This article is only informative about potential adjustments to the cylinder head and its accessories and does not serve as a guide.

Replacing the stock exhaust pipes with tuned exhaust pipes is one of the basic and widespread engine modifications. But what do you achieve with such a modification, and what is the difference between regular leads and tuned leads?

We will dive into the topic soon, but first, let's say a few words about what the exhaust manifolds are actually used for.

The camshaft is the shaft that opens the intake and exhaust valves of the internal combustion engine, thus allowing the filling or emptying of the cylinders. A camshaft is a rotating lever on which the cams are located.

The number of cams on the camshaft depends on the number of cylinders in one row of the engine and the number of valves per cylinder.

Variable valve timing, or variable timing distribution, is a technology that allows optimizing the parameters of a four-stroke internal combustion engine, thereby increasing its performance and reducing fuel consumption.

With variable valve timing, it is possible to control the lift, valve opening moment or valve opening time, or a combination of the mentioned parameters, independently of the crankshaft position. However, the valve's control depends on the revolutions, engine load, and other factors.